Combined typewriting



INVENTOR= .5 Sheets-Sheet 1 b. THIEME Original Filed Dec. 24, 1930COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Dec. 6, 1938.

Dec. 6, 1938. o. THIEME COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE oriinal Filed Dec. 24, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 |NVENTOR= Dec. 6, 1938. o.THIEME COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed Dec.24, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Dec. 6, 1938.

O. THIEME COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed Dec.24, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVEHTOR Armani;

Dec. 6, 1938. o T |E E 2,139,566

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed Dec. 24, 19305 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Dec. 6, 1933 UNITED STATES COMBINEDTYPEWRITING AND COMPUT- ING MACHmE Otto l'hieme, West Hartford, Conn.,assignor, by

ignments, to Underwood Elliott Fisher Company, New York, N. Y., a.corporation of Delaware Continuation of application Serial No. 504,501,December 24, 1930. This application July 12, 1933, .Serial No. 680,036

6 Claims.

It has been the practice since the Goldberg Patent 765,774 (of July 26,1904), or longer, to rotate a master wheel differently by means of ninedigit-keys, and to cause the master wheel to operate accordingly asuccession of dial-wheels, and make provision for carrying-over fromeach dial-Wheel to the one of next higher denomination.

At about the date of said patent, the practice was adopted of connectingtwo master wheels together, thereby to operate two totalizers by meansof one differential mechanism and one set of keys. Thus, at theoperation of one key, a number could be added in two columns at once.

In an attempt to increase this advantage, it was sought to introduce athird master wheel with a third totalizer, so that at the operation ofkey a number could be added in three colname at once. But it was foundthat the dimoulty which arose from the use of two master wheels, wasprohibitively increased when it was attempted to use three. Thisdifiiculty was due to the use of the numerous trains of carry-overmechanism, many or all of which would occasionally operatesimultaneously. If a totalizer contained nine dial-wheels with eighttrains of carry-over mechanism, it would require the operator to pressthe key hard enough to operate twenty-four trains of carry-overmechanism at once, eight trains in each of the three totalizers. Thiswas found to be excessive, and the fault developed that the key wouldnot overcome the resistance and become fully depressed, and the machinewould therefore make a, mistake. In the intervening years, many'wayshave been at tempted to overcome this carry-over difllculty, but nonehas been found.

This invention does not relate to improvements in carry-over mechanism.It does not attempt to increase the number of master wheels that can beoperated by the stroke of a key.

This invention deals with modern complicated accounting, and one featurerelates to the provision for vertical addition (one by one) of theamounts typed in a great number of original columns, together withprovision for simultaneously adding or subtracting, in the performanceof one or more extra computations, any amount that is typed in anyoriginal column.

Sometimes it is desired to add in one column, and simultaneously eitheradd or subtract original column, perhaps to cross-subtract in theperformance of two or three of the other computationsjand to cross-addin two or three still other computations. Demand for practicallyunlimited flexibility of operation in an accounting machine has beenincessant fora score of years, but the want has not heretofore beensatisfied. Accounting of this class has heretofore been done bypen-and-ink methods.

The present invention is a unitary machine which employs a single set ofnine digit-keys and a differential mechanism operated thereby, and alsoa master wheel that is controlled by said differential mechanism. It isfitted to use numerous column-totalizers, which may be operated oneafter another by said master wheel, to do a small part of thesingle-page accounting. Said nine keys, together with a zero key,constitute a single complete set of numeral-keys.

This invention presents the valuable novelty of contriving tocause thesame single set of keys to automatically set auxiliary indexing pins ordevices, for use in a deferred computation or computations.

When a key is depressed to turn the master wheel, a correspondingindexqiin is also set; that is to say, if the master wheel is turnedfive steps by the key, the same key will operate mechanism to also setan auxiliary 5 pin. These pins are set one after another, as the masterwheel progresses along the row of dial-wheels. The key-rotateddial-wheel has the same denomination as the set index-pin, or, in otherwords, the denominations of the set pins corre! spond to thedenominations of the already actuated dial-wheels.

Every set pin remains set throughout the operation by the master wheelof the remaining dialwheels in that column-totalizer At the conclusionof the operation of the single set of ten keys, the whole number isexhibited in said column-totalizer, and is also represented by theset-up auxiliary index-pins.

The master wheel computation having been concluded, the selectedauxiliary index-pins still remain set up and ready for subsequent ordeferred computation. Then a set of auxiliarydial-wheels ispower-operated under the control of those prepared or set-up index-pins,but during this auxiliary computation the master wheel and its dialsremain stationary.

There is. illustrated a large number of deferredoperation or auxiliaryregisters, and index-pins for any or all of them may be selectively setin the described manner, simultaneously with the operation (by the tenkeys and the master wheel) of only a single column-totalizer. Thus thesame amount that is added in any one original column by the masterwheel, may be either added or subtracted in a variety of auxiliarycomputations, before the selected indexing pins or devices are restoredto their normal idle positions.

Opportunity is afforded for a wide selection of pin-indexed registersfor the described deferred co-operation with any selected singlevertical totalizer; thus affording opportunity for adding in any singleoriginal column while selectively entering or distributing the sameamount in a great variety of automatically selected auxiliary registers,either additively or subtractively. At the typing of each amount and theentry thereof into any selected column-totalizer, the describeddistribution or allotment of such amount may proceed in a differentautomatic selection of deferred computation registers.

The invention has novel capacity for performing not only cross-additionto meet the utmost known demand, but also for effecting the distributionautomatically among a large number of auxiliary totalizers the numberthat is entered by the master wheel in a single vertical totalizer, andalso in entirely different automatic distribution of the number that isentered in the succeeding vertical totalizer while typing the same inthe next column, and so on, giving a diiierent automatic distributionamong many auxiliary totalizers for every vertical totalizer, and amultitude of automatic register-selections for a single line of typing.

While common vertical-adding machines are capable of totalizing manycolumns, still they are not fit for highly complicated accountingbecause of their inherent lack of capacity to effect automatically therequisite variety of distributive cross-computations in each line oftyping, in

automatically selected groups of registers, especially where a diiIerentgroup must be automatically selected for every column-totalizer.

It is a desideratum in this art to provide a vast increase in the numberof totalizers available for use in the machine, in such a way as toincrease the'range of combinations of register-selections. It is desiredto increase the degree of all vertical and cross-adding ordistributing-results, by the addition of totalizers to a degree farbeyond the capacity of any machine heretofore known. In other words, itis desired to effect not merely an addition to the number of totalizers,but to obtain a great increase in the number of automatically combinabletotalizer-units, so as to make a vast increase in the number or degreeof possible automatic permutations, or to increase the possible numberof associations of totalizers available for vertical adding and deferredcross-foot- It is desired, for example, to provide for triplecross-adding. That is, it isdesired, during a single line of typing, (1)to add vertically in two or three totalizers and (2) cross-add theamounts,

to obtain a footing of the cross-adding column,

and (3) to add vertically in two or three other totalizers and (4)cross-add the amounts in a separate cross-adder to obtain a footing ofthe cross-adding column, and also (5) to add verti-' cally in two orthree still other totalizers and to (6) cross-add the amounts in thethird crossadder to obtain a footing of 'the cross-adding column, andalso to (7) carry everything into another cross-adder, to serve as agrand total register; all register-selections to be made automatically,

The desideratum is to provide a machine which will have novel capacityfor an enormous number of automatically effective selective combinationsof vertical totalizers and of distributors or crossadders, to enable theperformance of cross-additions of amounts that in a single line aretyped and added at the same time in the vertical columns. For example,it is desired that several sub-divided accountings should be separatelytyped side by side upon a single page, and that each account may includethe single, double or triple cross-adding of its columns, and that thecorrectness of the various accountings may finally be verified byprinting a proof sign alongside of the amount which represents the grandtotal of the transactions on the entire page.

I am cognizant of an example of the prior art furnished by the KurowskiPatent 1,710,775, of April 30, 1929, which is manufactured for simplevertical totalizing, by the use'of a single keydriven master wheel. Itdoes not cross-add.

I am also aware of the patent to Wahl, 1,349,024, of August 10, 1920, acommon form of adding and typewriting machine having many simplecolumn-totalizers, in which the numeraltype keys operate correspondingtrains, and any train is capable of rotating a master wheel accordingly.The operation of the master wheel and the dial places a substantialburden upon the operator's finger, which is already burdened byoperating the type.

The totalizers in this Wahl patent, are connected to a paper-carriage,and each totalizer has dials operable seriatim by the master wheel asthe carriage steps along. Once in each revolution, the dial operated bythe key must also drive the next higher dial, and the latter may at thesame time carry-over to a still higher dial, and so on, the keysometimes being put to the task'of driving ten dials at once, with theirgears and minor parts.

Also in said Wahl patent are also shown two cross-adders, each having amaster wheel to drive it, this being illustrative of the prior art.These extra master wheels have to be rotated by the same type-key whichis rotating the main master wheel that drives the dial of the verticaltotalizer. In each cross-adder, there is frequent necessity forcarrying-over on several dials at once, so that it occasionally happensthat at the depression ofone type-key, it must rotate about 30 dials,and operate their respective fittings in addition to driving the typeagainst the paper. There is a preposterous degree of labor thus saddledupon the finger of the operator, and it frequently results in thefailure of the type to make any impression upon the paper, so that thedigit, which is added in three totalizers, does not appear upon thesheet, thus leading to errors. The fingers of the operator are undulywearied in overcoming the resistance due to operating three masterwheels and three dial-mechanisms at every keystroke. This slowsdown thework and leads to commission of errors.

This peculiarity of the prior art, illustrated by the Wahl machlne, thatthree master wheels, to-

gether with the carry-overs, must be laboriously operated at thekey-stroke, would be prohibitive of the use of even one extracross-adder. There exists a demand for something to overcome the faultof the Wahl patent and other prior art, which is that undue labor isrequired in operating three master wheels at the type-key stroke.

I am aware of another attempt having been made to meet the requirementsof thedesired accounting machine, by the patent to Poole 1,487,122, ofMarch 18, 1924, which duplicates the same faults and deficiencies ofsaid Wahl patent.

In the prior art as exemplified in said Wahl and Poole machines, therehas been no provision for effecting a far larger number of combinedvertical and cross-adding computations than i1- lustrated, or forincreasing the number of permutations, or for effecting a great increasein capacity and a great increase in versatility. In other words, it isimpossible in the prior art, as

exemplified in said Wahl and Poole machines, to

secure a versatility for adaptation for different uses that is farbeyond any previous combined typewriting and computing machine, andtherefore by said prior art machines the objects of this inventioncannot be attained.

Wahls machine has no provision for variable distributive action,whereby, during the progress of a single line of typing, succeedingtyped and vertically added amounts may be distributed in a variety ofgroupings of cross-adders. That is to say, it is not possible in theWahl machine to type an amount and add it in a vertical totalizer anddistribute or enter said amount into a grouping of cross-adders, andthen to type another amount in the same line and add it in anothervertical totalizer and distribute the same into a different grouping ofcross-adders from the first amount. In the Wahl patent, there is notautomatic selection of different groupings of cross-adders. In the Wahlmachine, it is not possible to perform triple cross-adding, or quadrupleor other multiple cross-adding, since in such accounting it is necessaryto enter into one or more cross-adders amounts that are successivelytyped on the same line on the work-sheet and preserve the total thereofin the first crossadder, while adding two more amounts that are typed insaid same line and preserving the total thereof in the secondcross-adder while typing still two more amounts in said same line oftyping, and preserving the total thereof in a third cross-adder; so thatsaid cross-adders will exhibit three cross-totals at once; and said Wahlpatent is also ineflicient in performing other important features of:accounting set forth herein.

The rule of some arts, that the number of similar elements may beincreased ad libitum, has not been found applicable to such machines asthat of Wahl, in which the number of master wheels has not beensuccessfully increased beyond his two highly objectionable cross-addingmaster wheels and the single vertical-adding master wheel.

It would be utterly impossible to perform upon any of said machines themodern accounting that is depicted at either Figure 5 or Figure 6forming part of this application, for example. Moreover, no part ofeither of the accountings shown ,at said Figures 5 and 6 could beperformed upon any of said machines, nor upon any other ma chine knownin this art. This is for the reason that a part of an accounting problemcannot be. performed upon one machine and retained in said but it mustbe an indivisible unit, like a steamboat. It is indispensable that asingle machine must be itself capable of performing every step of theentire accounting, and must retain in itself the product of every step,while further steps are being computed in the same machine; so when theend of the complicated page is reached, it yields a result consisting ofonly a single amount, which has been ascertained by the computationseffected in numerous vertical totalizers, such amounts being distributedin different ways among auxiliary registers, simultaneously with therespective entries in the vertical totalizer. Automatic accounting, suchas depicted at either Figure 5 or Figure 6, for example, has neverheretofore been performed, by either machine or pen.

I am aware of the Hart Patent 1,382,286, but said patent does not showhow to use, say, twenty column-totalizers for securing the totals oftwenty separate columns on a page, as sometimes needed in theperformance of the novel accounting disclosed herein. If'much of themechanism were to be removed from the Hart machine, so that theregisters would be employed only for column-totalizing. its capacitywould be seven columns only. Hart shows no organization whereby he couldadd up the column-totals, and also distribute every item in every typedline among different groupings of cross-registers. If his registers areall to be employed. to receive amounts distributively, then the machinecould not perform any vertical column-totalizing at all.

According to the present invention, there are provided nine novelSiamese digit-trains. Each of these Siamese digit-trains performs anovel double function. One sub-function of each train is to rotate themaster wheel the required number of steps, and the other sub-function ofthe novel train is to set index-pins each corresponding to the number ofsteps .through which the master wheel rotates. Each novel Siamese trainmoves as a unit to accomplish this double function. As many as six orseven corresponding index-pins may be set by any novel Siamesedigit-train, while said train operates the master wheel.

The nine novel Siamese digit-trains may be constructed in a variety ofways, and one example is shown in the drawings, which show a novelSiamese' coupler that connects sub-trains in a novel coordination ofmaster-wheel-operating devices and multiple-pin-setting devices. By wayof example, one sub-train may have a rod which drives a master-wheeloperating cam, and also, by way of example, the other sub-train mayinclude a bar extending transversely of several nests or systems ofindex-pins, said bar forming part of a linkage, the linkage beingoperated by a downwardly thrust stem. Said master-wheel actuating rodand said pin-setting stem may be pivoted to a key-actuated coupler toform in each of the novel Siamese digit-trains. But the joining of saidelements by means of a coupler is not essential in all cases, inasmuchas the novel Siamese tra n may be otherwise formed within the scope ofthe invention.

The coupler is illustrated as forming a portion or element of adigit-type key-lever, which both swings the type to the platen and alsooperates the remaining members of the entire novelmaster-wheel-operating and pin-setting Siamese train.

The denomination-selection for both the master wheel and the severalsystems of digit-pins,

is effected by a single step-by-step carriage,

under the control of said digit-keys.

The operation of the master wheel by said novel Siamese train iscompleted by the operation of the digit-key, but the setting ofindexpins of the same value by the same Siamese train is a step which ispreparatory to the subsequent running of the same amount into otherregisters, selected automatically for cross-addition. These cross-addingor distributive registers are idle while the master wheel and verticaltotalizer are being operated. The operation of said cross-registers isdeferred until after the movements of the key and master-wheel trainhave ceased.

The master wheel, which is operated by one end of the novel Siamesetrain, actuates one vertical totalizer of the great number in themachine; while the same Siamese digit-train may pre-set appropriatedigit-pins for several crossadders. Thus there is a division, some ofthe computation being completed at the operation of,

each Siamese digit-train, while the remainder of the computing isdeferred until after all the index-pins are set up by the Siamesetrains.

The row of vertical totalizers may be divided into a large variety ofgroups, and any group may compute in combination with one or more of thecross-adders, thus afiording practically unlimited versatility.

In this master-wheel machine, it is rendered feasible to cross-foot mostor all of the items that form every line of typing, besides performingthe primary vertical adding, and also to perform double cross-adding,triple cross-adding, quadruple and quintuple cross-adding, etc., and toperform a great variety of other accounting. Much of this complexaccounting has been regarded by manufacturers as presentingimpossibllities, and the field of accounting machines has been limited.v

Several cross-adders, distributors or assorters may be employed forconcomitantly performing a great variety of computations, whenever thesingle master wheel is driving any one of the many column-totalizers.Thus many computative operations may be performed concomitantly with thetyping of an amount upon the sheet, and without unduly burdening thekeys, since the labor required for operating the cross-adder indexingdevices is not appreciable.

The cross-adder indexing mechanism will act reliably for as many as fiveor a few more registers, when operated by numeral-keys that are throwingthe type-bars to the platen and also rotating a master wheel foractuating acolumntotalizer.

One of the automatic features of the invention, is that the verticaltotalizers after being individually adjusted to correspond with thelocations of the columns on the work-sheet will be brought seriatim bythe carriage into the master-wheel zone, and the same carriage will alsoautomatically bring a. succession of correspondingly located dogs intoco-operative relation with predetermined sets of denomination-jacks, forenabling the master-wheel-operating type-keys, operating through theaforesaid S amese trains, to set up cross-indexing devices in sucoesivedenominations, for the deferred operation of the automatically selectedregisters. These automatic register-selecting and denomination-selectingdogs may be assigned individually to effect the desired combinationswith the vertical totalizers. One dog may combine with one verticaltotalizer,

soasto be the means of indexingthe typed amount for deferred computationin one of the cross-adders or registers. An additional dog may securethe indexing of the amount that is added in another vertical totalizer,but for deferred computation in the same cross-adder; the dogsautomatically coming into play one after another during the typing inthe master-wheel-operating zones, at points determined by theadjustments of the dogs.

There may for example be asmany dogs as there are vertical totalizers,and they may all automatically combine said totalizers with one of thecross-registers to receive all of the amounts that are run into all ofthe vertical totalizers, thus obtaining a grand total. Other dogs may beautomatically associated with another crossregister, for indexingtherein the same amounts that are run by the master wheel into certainpredetermined vertical totalizers. A third group of dogs mayautomatically eifect combination between certain other verticaltotalizers and a third cross-register, and so on. The traveling carriageis an element in combining the vertical totalizers in the master-wheelzones, with correspondingly positioned dogs, for controlling thedenominations and automatically selecting the cross- I registers.

The carriage with selected and positioned dogs may combine or bring intouse two or more of the ems-registers simultaneously.

The carriage selects one totalizer at a time from a great range ofkey-driven totalizers, and cooperates with the dogs to combine with theselected totalizer any one or any number of many power-drivencross-registers.

The invention does not suffer from the necessity that when any amount isbeing written in a column, the vertical totalizer for that column mustbe at the computing zone and not elsewhere, inasmuch as the cross-addersdo not travel, and inasmuch as any one or more of them may beautomatically combined with theactive columntotalizer.

The. machine therefore embodies provision for separately totalizing thenumerous columns by means of the several vertical totalizers, by the useof a single master wheel, automatically com- .bined with means forcomputing the same amounts in any one or more cross-registers, none ofwhich has to be positioned relatively to any master wheel, and none ofwhich has to be brought to the zone being typed.

The machine, besides double cross-footing, triple cross-footing,sub-totaling and grand totaling, may perform other subsidiaryaccounting, as required.

It will be seen that six or more registers can be in use at once,without calling upon the keys to rotate more than one master wheel. Saidwheel operates only the selected column-totalizer, while the other fiveor more registers are automatically selected and their index-pins setup, and then the motor turns the dials in the five registers, so that atno time is the operator burdened with finger labor, nor is thereliability of faulty operation when carrying-over in all the cross-addersor distributing registers simultaneously.

- auidliary indexing devices.

said Siamese train to be pre-set concomitantly with said standarddiiferential addlng mechanism; but it is obviously immaterial, broadlyconsidered, whether the key-levers or some other portion of the Siamesemechanism is selected for such purpose of concomitantly pre-setting theSaid Siamese trains also (by the use of the carriage-element thereof)are caused by the present invention to select the denominations of theauxiliary indexing devices that are pro-set.

The fingering of the keys is satisfactory, since at the beginning of thekey-depression, the master wheel is put in motion, and then thepinsetting device is put in motion. While the indexpin is moving, themaster wheel is disconnected from the key, and all of the momentum ofthe hand is then utilized in completing the key-depression, insuring thecompletion of the setting of the index-pin, and throwing the typeagainst the platen. The operation of the master wheel, index-pin andtype is thus rendered certain and satisfactory.

As one example of automatically combined cross-addingandvertical-adding, the amounts written in the numerous columns may becarried into the vertical totalizers, so that each shows the footing ofits own column. To cross-add at every line, the first of threecross-totalizers may be operated once for each column, or say fourteentimes in a single line, and at the end it will show the crossfooting.'Then the vertical totalizers may be disconnected from the keys, and thefirst cross-footer may be set to subtraction, and the cross-footing maybe copied upon the work-sheet from the first cross-footer, returning thesame to zero. Then the star-key may be printed at the end of each line.

At the conclusion of the page, the vertical totalizers may be set tosubtraction, and the first cross-footer may be disconnected. Then all ofthe totals may be typed on the work-sheet, so that all of the primarieswill show zero; while in a second cross-footer there may be computed atthe same time a grand total of the whole page. This second grand totalmust agree with a grand total that shows in a third cross-footer, intowhich every one of said items has been entered as it was typed, and thenthe grand total may be copied on the work-sheet, clearing the secondandthird cross-footing registers, and the correctness of the entire page ofaccounting may be proved by a single star.

Addition may be very readily performed in one totalizer or registerwhile subtraction is being automatically controlled in other registers.All column-totalizers may be set for addition, or all may be set forsubtraction, or they may add while the cross-registers subtract.

The cross-footing mechanism may have automatic controls for adding inone column and subtracting in another; while in any column'thecross-footer may either add or subtract, according to manual adjustment.This gives co-operative automatic subtraction for some cross-foot ingwith hand-control for other cross-footing.

While each line is being cross-footed, it will be perceived that thenumerous vertical columns may be added separately-by the master wheel,while the combined total of any selected group of columns may becalculated by another of the cross-footers, and at the same time thecombined total of another selected group of columns may be computed in athird cross-register. At the same time a fourth cross-register may beand if desired a grand total of all the columns can be run into a third.After having typed the sheet, the operator can disconnect the grandtotalizer and set the vertical totalizers for subtraction, so that hecan type the total ofeach column at its end, and simultaneously cleareach primary totalizer, without affecting any of the grand totalizers.

It may happen that some items in a line are to be cross-footedseparately from other items in the same line. In this invention onecross-totalizer can be used to cross-foot the amounts typed (and added)in certain columns, and a different cross-totalizer can be used tocross-foot the amounts that are typed (and added) in certain othercolumns. At the end of each line, one cross-footer will show onecross-total, and the other will show the other cross-total. Bothcrosstotals may be copied upon the work-sheet. Another cross-adder maybe used for computing a grand total of everything on the sheet.

The kind of accounting work depicted at Figure 6, for example, cannot beperformed upon the machine of said Wahl patent, or the machine of saidPoole patent, or the machine of said Kurowski Patent, or the machine ofHart Patent 1,382,286. Nor can the kind of accounting at Figure 6 beperformed upon any two or more of said machines. Part of the accountingcannot be done upon one machine and part upon anotheia.

Prior to the present invention, said kind of accounting was only mental,and was not performable automatically by pen and ink.

It will be perceived that by this invention there are cured two faultsof the prior art which are exemplified in said machines. The first ofsaid faults is inherent in machines of the Wahl, Poole, and Kurowskiclass, the Wahl and Poole machines being inherently incapable ofperforming cross-addition in the requisite number of totalizerssimultaneously, and the Kurowski machine not even attempting tocross-add. The second of said faults is exemplified in machines of theHart class, which are inherently incapable of adding amounts in manycolumns seriatim on a work-sheet, and cross-adding such amountsselectivelyin several groupings of registers.

This application is a continuation of my application Serial No. 504,501,filed December 24, 1930.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a perspective front top view of a novel machine embodyingmany vertical and cross totalizers in one form. There may be employedlessor more than the four cross-totalizers shown, according to thenature of the accounting to be performed.

Figure 2 is a sectional elevation, on a larger scale, to illustratedetails of the vertical totalize Figure 4 is a sectional detail, showinga fullstroke device for a cross-indexing mechanism.

Figure 5 is a diagrammatic sectional part of the machine, showing amethod of perfomiing one kind of work thereon.

Figure 6 shows a method of performing another kind of work upon themachine illustrated at Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a perspective of a novel Siamese digit-train operating avertical master wheel and set-ting several cross-indexing pins.

Figure 8 is a perspective view showing a single novel computingmechanism in which a masterwheel-operating Siamese train sets upauxiliary indexing devices preparatory to the subsequent operation of agroup of auxiliary registers. The pivoted key-operated member 29 isshown with its shoulder 29 operating a universal bar 29 which controlsthe operation of the carriage feeddogs 39 as the carriage 24 is drivenby springbarrel 39' and strap 39, thereby controlling the denominationalmovements of the carriage 24, 40, and also selecting the denominationsof the auxiliary indexing devices 15, controlled by the Siamesedigit-train, to correspond with the denominations of the dials 41 beingactuated.

There is illustrated at Figure 5 a row of fourteen vertical totalizers,numbered Hi to 23, to travel step by step with the paper-carriage 24 ofan Underwood standard typewriter. The machine has numeral-keys '25 andalphabet-keys 26, all of the keys operating levers 21 to vibratebellcranks 28, which throw type-bars 29 up against the platen 30. Theplaten carries a work-sheet 3|, Figure 5, and is mounted on aplaten-frame 32, that may be shifted up and down upon the letter-feedingcarriage 24, by means of a shiftrail 33, for causing different types toprint.

The carriage runs upon front and rear tracks 34, 35, and is propelled bya spring-barrel (not shown), and has a rack 36 meshing with a pinion 31that is connected to an escapement-wheel 38. The latter is controlled byspacing dogs 39 at the operation of said keys, in a known manner.

Said vertical totalizers III to 23 are individually attachable andadjustable along a rack 40, upon a bar 46, fixed upon a truck 4| whichtravels with the paper-carriage 24. For connecting the truck to thecarriage, the latter is provided with a pair of forwardly-extending arms42, having at their forward ends open slots to fit lugs 43 projectingfrom the truck 4|. The truck, the totalizers, the indexing mechanism,the master wheel and many other devices are disclosed in my co-pendingapplication 286,218, filed June 18, 1928 (now Patent No. 1,971,544,dated August 28, 1934), and showing one totalizer, said applicationcovering improvements pertaining to the general type of machineillustrated in the one-totalizer patent to Kurowski, No. 1,710,775, ofApril 30, 1929. The totalizer is locked to the rack by latch 43.

The numeral-keys 25 operate novel Siamese digit-trains, Figure 7. EachSiamese digit-train is made up of sub-trains. In the upper subtrains areincluded pendent links 44, of which one is provided for each digit-key,and these links pull down cam-plates 45 that form a transverse rowandare adapted to impart variable movements to a master wheel 46. Themaster wheel is mounted upon the stationary framework of the machine,and is caused by the numeral-type-keys through said novel Siamesedigittrains to impart rotative movements to the denominationalwheel-trains in the totalizers, one

totalizer at a time. Each denominational wheeltrain may include a gear41, to mesh directly with the master wheel 46, and also a pinion 46 witha dial 49.

The plates 45 have an assortment of drivecams 56, which swing down tooperate pins 5|, which are seen upon a row of vertical arms 52. The arms52 rise from a transverse horizontal rock-shaft 53, whereby the latteris given diiIerent rocking movements by differing numeralkeys.

These movements of the shaft 55 are transmitted by a crank-arm 54thereon through a link 55 to a universal sector 56. There is only onesector 56 for all the keys and all the totalizers; and it drives themaster wheel 46 through a clutch 51. The master wheel normally standsdisconnected. When a numeral-key is depressed, the master wheel is firstconnected up and then rotated, as set forth in the two-totalizer co-'pending application oi Kurowski, 74,698, filed December 11, 1925 (nowPatent No. 1,835,165, dated December 8, 1931) which discloses clutchingmembers and other devices.

Each cam-plate 45 has a downwardly-projecting finger 56 to engage anddepress a horizontal universal bar 56 that is mounted upon a rockshaft66 having arm 6|, which throws up link 62 and rocks an arm 63 of abell-crank pivoted at 64, and thereby swings bell-crank-arm 65. Upon arm65 is a pin 66, which operates the normally open clutch 51, to connectthe master wheel with the Siamese digit-train.

It is to be perceived that by means of the keys 25 amounts may be typedin all of the vertical columns 61 which fill the work-sheet 3|, and thatbesides typing these amounts, said keys by means of their Siamesedigit-trains will individually operate the master wheel 46 to an extentagreeing with the digit typed upon the sheet. Thus the amounts typedarerun into the primary totalizers ID to 23, digit by digit, thedescribed sub-indexing mechanism 44 to 65 being directly operated by thekeys, each of which therefore completely adds a digit at each typingoperation.

Each of said novel Siamese digit-trains may simultaneously set from twoto five (or even more) cross indexing devices or pins for the same digitthat is being run into the single vertical totalizer by the firstsub-train and the master wheel. Said pins are set by the secondsubtrain. After the typing and primary adding of a number, the setindexing devices are run by power means into cross-computing totalizers,so that the operation of many cross-computing totalizers concomitantlywith any vertical totalizer may be effected, be the aid of the novelSiamese digit-trains, without ever causing the resistance of the key tothe finger-touch to exceed appreciably that which is felt when merelyoperating a type-bar and the single master wheel.

The multiple sub-trains for the cross-computing totalizers, designatedas A, B, C, D and E, are coupled to the vertical sub-trains to formSiamese couplings that each of the digit-keys 25 may operate both thesub-trains. Each key performs three functions, viz., it prints anumeral, adds in a vertical totalizer, and sets up an indexpin for across-computer.

Each second sub-train or every Siamese coupling includes a pendentdrive-link 16, having at its lower end a finger 1| which is depressed torock an arm 12 upon a rocbshatt 18, of which there is one for eachSiamese train. These rockcoupler-portion 15, but this arrangement is notessential in all cases, nor is the train illustrated at Figure 7 theonly form of Siamese digit-train that may be employed, and the key maybe otherwise connected to. operate first and second subtrains for thepurpose set forth.

These pin-bars are arranged in' a horizontal row across the machine, andmay form say flve groups, one group for each of the totalizers orregisters A, B, C, D and E. The nine pins 15 on each ar are normally outof reach of the setting bars 14, but the pin-bars 16 for thecrosscomputers are advanced seriatim during the letter-feedingv travelof the carriage 24, so that the pins of the advanced bar or bars arebrought within range of the depressible cross-bar 14.

The forward setting of the bars 16 for indexing purposes, is effected bythe carriage 24, which not only positions the vertical totalizers, butalso carries setting dogs 11, 11 11 11, 11 11 each armed with a tooth18, to lift the forward ends of jacks 19, one after another, as thecarriage feeds along. Said jacks 19 are pivoted at 80, and operatethrust-links .1, which operate through a transposition mechanism 82, 83to push pin-bars 16 forwardly one after another as the tappets 19 areraised, the denomination of the advanced pin-bars 16 being the same asthat of the dial '49 which is about to be operated. There is one tappetfor each pin-bar of each group. Pin-bar and transposition mechanism isdisclosed in the four-totalizer patent to Kupetz,

1,452,162, of April 17, 1923, but not in the specific relation disclosedherein. It will be seen that practically no labor is put upon the key 25by the cross-indexing mechanism just described,

and that no cross-adding wheel is rotated by the depression of said key,so that the desired crosscomputation may be performed withoutappreciably adding to the labor of operating the key, which is one ofthe main objects of the invention.

At the completion of the operation of the novel Siamese digit-train(Figure '7), therefore, the primary dial 49 has been rotated accordingto the type printed, and the corresponding crossindexing pin 15 has beenset, so that the machine is ready for operation of the succeedingSiamese digit-trains. In this manner, the key-typing of the amount in acolumn proceeds digit by digit, while said amount is being run by theSiamese digit-trains into the vertical totalizer, said Siamese trainsalso setting up pins 15. in groups of pin-bars, inasmuch as thecross-bar 14 in the second subtrain is capable of setting a pin in everygroup of pin-bars, at every key-depression. Five or morecross-computations may be performed, five cross-totalizers beingincluded, since the cross-bar 14 can set five or more pins 15 withoutoverburdening the type and masterwheel operating key 25. Q

After the amount is therefore typed in the column and added in thevertical totalizer, a motor 84, which is under the control of a cyclingkey 85, is operated to cause the cross-bar 86 of a general operator todrive forwardly,-by means of the set pins 15, the racks 16 and the dialsof one or more'of' the cross-totalizers A, B, C, D, E, so that theprecise amount is carried into each of said cross or subsidiarytotalizers which had previously been carried into the verticaltotalizer.

The Siamese coupling of a vertically-adding master wheel to subsequentlypower-operated cross-adders by means of the digit-trains see at Figure7, is broadly new.

The carry-over mechanism of the cross-totalizers is indicated at 81, 88.The motor-controlling train includes a. stem 89 and a latch 90, which isfreed from-a stop 9| in order to permit rotation of general operator 92.The latter includes a driving arm 93, which reciprocates slide 94carrying cross-bar 86..

After the general operatorv on its forward stroke has advancedsaid-subsidiary or crossadding dials, it operates the carry-overmechanism upon its return stroke. At the conclusion thereof, a table 95is automatically lifted, to restore all depressed pins 15, thus bringingthe machine into condition for entering an amount into the nextwork-column.

The Figure 5 machine performs double cross adding. The numbers typed inthe first twelve columns on the work-sheet are added separately upon thevertical totalizers ID to 2|. At the same time cross-addition isperformed of every line of the numbers that are typed and added in thethird, ninth and twelfth columns. This crossadding is performed byrunning the amounts into cross-totalizer A. Also the numbers which aretyped and added in the fifth, seventh, tenth and eleventh columns arecross-added in totalizer B. At the conclusion of each line, therefore,the cross-total which appears in A may be copied in next to the lastcolumn on the work-sheet; while the cross-total that appears in B may becopied in the last column on the work-sheet, this operation clearingsaid cross-totalizers A and B.

When copying these cross-totals in the last two columns, they may beentered in totalizers 22 and 23, respectively, by means of said masterwheel 46.

At the conclusion of the typing of the page, the totals of theindividual columns will appear in column-totalizers ill to 2!,respectively, while 22 will show the total of all amounts typed in thethird, ninth and twelfth columns, while the totalizer 23 will show thetotal of all amounts typed in the fifth, seventh, tenth and eleventhcolumns.

According to the foregoing, at every line a certain partial cross-totalis entered in 22, and another partial cross-total is entered in 23.These partial cross-totals are also run into'cross-totalizer C, which,at the conclusion of the typing of the sheet, shows the gross total ofall of the cross-added amounts.

After finishing the page, the amount that shows in vertical totalizer 22may be copied into the next to the last column, and at the sametimesubtracted out of both 22 and cross-totalizer C.

that cross-totalizers A and B stand at zero. At 75 the conclusion of thecopying of the totals in the last column, at the completion of thesheet, a star-key may also be printed in the last column, to indicatethat the totalizer C stands at zero, and therefore that the copying hasbeen correctly performed.

The totals of all the amounts entered into the vertical totalizers ID to2| may be concomitantly run into cross-totalizer D, which, therefore, at

the conclusion of the page, shows a grand total of all the amounts typedthereon. This grand total may then be copied at the bottom of the page,and at the same time subtracted out of D, whereupon the star-key may beprinted.

The aforesaid computation is therefore so intricate as to includevertical adding in all of the numerous columns, partial cross-adding ofamounts in certain columns, other partial crossadding of amounts incertain other columns, accumulation of cross-added amounts in totalizers22 and 23, entry of all cross-added amounts in cross-totalizer C, typingof totals of the two kinds of cross-adding in the last two columns onthe work-sheet, the proving of the correctness of copying by means ofcross-totalizer C, and copying of grand total from cross-totalizer D.

At Figure 5 there are shown five groups of jacks 19, correspondingrespectively with the cross-totalizers A, B, C, D and E. The jackgroupshave assorted lengths, and the dogs TI are of corresponding lengths,whereby it is provided that certain dogs will operate certain jacks andnot others. The shortest dogs TI are capable of operating only thelongest jacks 19 the same being associated with the grand totalizer D.The longest dogs operate only the group of shortest jacks 19 which areassociated with the first cross-totalizer A. Other dogs, according totheir lengths, operate the remaining groups of jacks 19 and 19. Thejacks are all adjustable along a rack 96.

In the three-totaiizer machine disclosed in the Hart patent, 1,190,171,of July 4, 1916, there are shown a group of long jacks and a group ofshort jacks, and a group of intermediate jacks, together with adjustableshort, long and medium dogs; and the explanation in said patent of themethod of denominationally controlling the three Hart totalizers at thefront of the machine, by means of said assorted jacks and assorted dogsat ,the rear of the paper-carriage, will enable the above description ofthe operation of the. jacks, etc., to be understood. Where it isrequired that the same dog shall operate two sets of jacks (one setafter another) it is armed with two teeth I8 and 18 Means such as shownin said Hart patent may be used for lifting the table automatically atthe conclusion of the cycling of the general operator, thereby restoringall of the subsidiary indexing pins I5.

The vertical totallzers are operable subtractively, being for thispurpose controlled by keys 91, which operate a rock-shaft 98 havingthereon an arm 99 to shift a back-gear I00 into mesh with a companiongear IOI, said rock-shaft 98 also having a pendent arm I02, to shiftsector 56 into mesh with back-gear I00. The master wheel 46 maytherefore be caused to rotate reversely at the operation of thetype-keys 25.

To cause the cross-totalizers to subtract, there is provided asubtraction-setting mechanism, including a key I03, which presses back arod I to operate a subtraction-setting rock-arm I05, rockshaft I06,slide I01 and rock-arms I", "0,10

cause the indexing mechanism to operate by setting complementary pins,as in said three-totalizer machines set forth in said Hart patent. andin various patents that have been granted for improvements thereon.

The clearing of any vertical totalizer may be eflected by setting thesame to subtraction, and then copying upon the work-sheet the numberwhich appears in the totalizer. Any cross totalizer may be clearedindependently or together with the vertical totalizer.

If it is desired to clear a cross-totalizer without affecting the masterwheel of the primary totalizers, said master wheel may be silenced atthe operation of the type-keys. This silencing provision is in thenature of a key-mechanism In the key-driven one-totalizer masterwheelmachine shown in said Thieme application, 286,218, this key H0 is shownoperating a rockshaft III, having a crank-arm and pin H2, to which ispivoted the upper end of a pendent link H3, which at its bottom has acam at IN, to press to one side the link 44, whereby slot Iii in thelink is withdrawn from pin II upon operating arm I I1, which is fixed tothe sub-train coupling portion of the type-key-lever 21. These and otherdevices taken from co-pending applications are used here illustrativelyonly, and are not made the subject-matter of specific claims herein. Theprimary :totalizers being therefore silenced by the manipulation of thekey III, it is provided that any one or more cross-totalizers may beoperated subtractively or otherwise by the use of the digit-keys 25without causing the novel Siamese digit-trains to affect any primarytotalizer.

It being sometimes desired to silence all of the cross-totalizers,without affecting the operation of the primary totalizers by the novelSiamese digit-trains, there is provided a silencing key or lever II8,which operatesa silencing train sub stantially like that shown in saidKupetz Patent No. 1,452,162. A lever, H9, I2. presses back a link HI andcauses a bell-crank I 22, I23, to rock an arm I24, and thereby throw outan arm I25 that carries a supporting roll I26, whose normal function isto hold up any dog 11 that may be passing through the zone. There are anarm I25 and roll I 26 for every subsidiary totalizer, and they areoperated simultaneously. It will thus-be seen that, if need arises, anyof the vertical totalizers may be operated by the novel trains foraddition or subtraction, at the' depression of the digit-typing keys 2!,while no computation is eifected by the novel Siamese digit-trains inany cross-totalizei'. The disabling arm I25 is held out of use by alatch I21, and this may be released by means of a connection to thegeneral operator, including arm I28, sector I29 and pinion Ill, meshingwith general operator rack 9|.

Sector I29 is mounted on a shaft I, having 7 The cross-totalizermechanism may also be provided with error-key I", to cause the operationat will of platforms 0' that restore set index-pins ll; these tables IIbeing also operable by the general operator at the conclusion of itscycling.

In the-event of a digit-key being struck and its type printederroneously, whereby the novel Siamese digit-train is caused to carrysaid erroneous digit into the vertical totalizer and to set upcorresponding pins for the cross-totalizers, the operator may take thefollowing steps: first, the cycling key 85 may be operated to carry theerroneous digit into the cross-totalizers. Then the erroneous number maybe erased from the work-sheet. Then a non-print device I36 may be putinto position, and both the vertical and cross indexing mechanism may beset for subtraction. The erroneously struck digit-key may then bedepressed a second time, and its amount may be duly run out of thevertical and cross totalizers. Then the operator may remove thenon-print device I36 from working position, and strike the correctdigit-key, which may be duly run into the various totalizers by aSiamese digit-train and the cycling mechanism in the manner alreadyexplained.

truck 4I and the rack or truck 96 is provided T to adjust either truck Hor 96 independently of the other. This secures accurate positioning ofthe denominational wheel-trains relatively to the master wheel 46, andalso accurate positioning of the dog-teeth I8 relatively to the jacksI9. Both adjustments are properly made with reference to the printingpoint of the typewriter, which is indicated at 29 in Figure l.

The adjustment of the truck 4| is provided for by means of an eccentricscrew I31, upon which the square projecting washers 43 are mounted; theeccentricity permitting the washers to be moved to the right or leftsufficiently to correct any lateral misadjustment of the truck 4|relatively to master wheel 46; and the dogcarrier rack 95 is alsoadjustable endwise, having a tip I38 threaded through the end of an armI39, provided upon carriage 24. Nuts I40 may be manipulated foradjusting the rack 96 endwise, and for securing the same. The oppositeend of the rack is flattened at I to fit in a narrow hole in theopposite end I42 of the carriage. This permits endwise adjustment of therack 95, to cause the teeth 18 to complete the lifting of the jacks justas the carriage is arrested by the dogs 39. Thus accurate co-operativeworking is secured of the subsidiary or cross totalizers and the primaryor vertical totallzers'at each step of the common carriage.

Each key-lever?! is provided with three pins, one of them I43 being usedfor driving the typebar 29, and being fixed upon a mount I44, which ispivoted at I45 to the key-lever, so that the mount and pin may beadjusted by independent manipulation of screws I46, threaded into themount and bearing upon the lower edge of the key-lever. Thus it isprovided that the type is brought to the printing point promptly afterthe conclusion of the operation-of the novel Siamese digit-train whosesub-trains are coupled by the key-lever, the sub-trains ramlfying up anddown from said key-lever.

The master-wheel-operating pin H5 is flxed upon mount 1, pivoted at I41to the couplingportion I5 of the key-lever and similarly adjustable.

The subsidiary indexing is effected by a pin I48 upon mount I49 providedupon the couplingportion I5 of the lever 21, this mount being similarlyadjustable by screws.

Thus each digit sub-train is adjustable relatively to its companionsub-train, whereby the master-wheel operation and also the subsidiarypin-indexing operation are timed with accuracy with reference to each.other, and proper timing is also effected with reference to theimpression of the type upon the work-sheet.

The foregoing construction tends to avoid errors of computation throughfaulty manipulation of the digit-type-key 25. This key is somewhatharder to operate than alphabet-key 26, because by means of its Siamesetrain it has to set in motion the master wheel, as well as the digitsub-train and the indexing device operated thereby, plus thedenomination-wheel train 41. The operation of the master wheel, however,is completed before the type strikes the paper, and before the key 25concludes its printing stroke; the pin 5|, at the concluding operationof the key-stroke, occupying a dwell I50. at the end of the slot 50, sothat the last portion of the down stroke of the key and Siamesedigit-train is idle, so far as the master wheel is concerned.

At this concluding stage, therefore, the Siamese digit-train has no workto do in connection with the vertical totalizer, and this is the timewhen the stem II of the digit-train is engaged in operating the arm I2,which, however, is easily operated, and does not appreciably load thekey 25. In fact, the hand of the operator, as well as the key andtype-bar and other parts of the mechanism, are at this moment in motion,and the 1908, which assures a complete down-stroke of the key, and thenassures a complete up-stroke I of the key, before another key can bemanipulated; inasmuch as any depresed key 25 prevents the operation ofother keys by means of a key-lock train I 5| such as shown for examplein the one-totalizer patent to Hanson, No. 1,278,812, of September 10,1918.

In place of the device seen in said Hanson patent, there may beemployed, if desired, a

pendent link I52 having opponte teeth I 53, I54

to co-operate with a full-stroke spring-pawl I55. In this type offull-stroke device, the indexing stem I52 is formed with a succession ofbeads, which project forwardly from the stem at points about midway ofits height, so as to serve roughly as teeth I53, I54, over whichspring-pawl I55 rides idly, whether the stem I52 is ascending or unlessit has completed its up stroke. Both these results are accomplished bythe tooth of the pawl catching in a diagonal notch or slot I formedbetween the aforesaid teeth I53, I54 that project from opposite sides ofthe stem or link. Premature attempts to move the stem either up or downwill result in the pawl-tooth catching in the notch I55", thus making itnecessary for the operator to complete the original stroke of the stem,in order to free the pawl. Each stem at its bottom co-operates with arow of tumblers I5I to lock all of the numeral-keys.

The supplemental key-locking mechanism I53, etc., may be providedbecause when the digittrains are disconnected from the master wheel, themain key-locking mechanism is also disconnected; but the supplementalkey-locking mechanism would operate. This supplemental key-lockingmechanism is also hooked up for other locking devices, as, for example,when a key is depressed, the automatic motor-trip cannot operate untilthe key is fully returned.

When one numeral-key is depressed, the supplemental key-lockingmechanism becomes effective to prevent a second numeral-key from beingfully depressed; but the second key can be depressed about one-eighth ofan inch, or sufiicient to start the rotation of the master wheel, thusmaking the main full-stroke mechanism necessary in order not to jam themachine. For the master-wheel indexing means, there may be employed aratchet I on plate or sector 45, to mesh with a ratchet-blade I6I, toinsure full-stroke of the sector 45 in each denomination; and thisfullstroke device may be disconnected from the keys 25 through thedisconnection of the links 44 of the digit-trains.

The carriage may be controlled by tabulating mechanism, including keysI65, which operate selectively denomination-stops I66, by raising theminto the path of column-stopsI61 mounted upon carriage-rack I68.

Certain of the column-stops may carry tappets I69, to operate trainsI10, I1I, I12, toset the machine to subtraction automatically as thecarriage enters the particular computing zone, which is determined bysaid column-stop I61.

One or more of the column-stops I61 may also be provided with a tappetI15, for operating a train I16, I11, to cause automatic operation ofmotor 84 to drive the general operator 93, 94, 86 at the egress of thecarriage from that computing zone which is determined by the specifiedcolumnstop I51.

The type-bar 29, as shown, is provided with upper and lower types, andthe platen is made shiftable up and down by means of rail 33 and arm Ion rock-shaft I8I, the arm I80 being operated by bell-crank-lever I82provided with a shift-key I83. When the platen 32 is shifted up, an armI84, extending back from rock-shaft It, operates upon a cam I85, toswing a rockshaft I86, together with its arm I25 and roll I26, thelatter being swung backwardly to idle position, permitting the indexingdog-carrier 11 to drop, so that the pin-setting devices are silencedwhen an upper-case type is being printed.

At the same time, this shift-key I88 may disconnect the master wheeloperating sub-trains from the digit-keys 25, as for example by means ofa link I81 disclosed in my co-pending onetotalizer application, No.286,218, filed June 18, 1928; said link being connected at its upper endto a bell-crank I", to pull the same down, so that a cam I89 that isformed upon said bellcrank will cam endwise a slide I90, the latterhaving slots to form a comb for guiding the sub-train The carriage maybe returned by power,v

through the key-mechanism I9I.

As another example, all of the numbers that are typed in each column maybe added in its individual vertical totalizer, and at the same timecross-adding may be done in say the right-hand cross-adder E. There maybe run into the next cross-adder D all of the amounts that are typed inall of the columns, so that at the conclusion of typing the sheet, thegrand total will show at D; while each vertical totalizer will show thetotal of its own column. Then the vertical totalizers may be set tosubtraction, and the totals shown therein may be typed at the bottoms oftheir respective columns, and at the same time each total may becross-accumulated in totalizer C. Accordingly at the end of thisoperation the vertical totalizers will all show zero, and each of C andD will show the same amount as the other, since, while subtracting theseamounts from the vertical totalizers, they are being added intototalizer C. Therefore at the end of the operation, each of the tworegisters C and D shows the same grand total. The cross-adding mechanismmay now be set for subtraction, and this grand total may be copied ontothe work-sheet, and then the star may be printed, thereby provingaccuracy throughout. The cross-totalizers C, D, E may all bedisconnected during the copying of the totals from the verticaltotalizers into totalizer B. Both totalizers B and D are in operationduring the final copying of the grand total, and both become restored tozero, and star-signs may be printed.

At Figure 6 a still more intricate computation may be readily performedby means of a form of this invention, that is illustrated at Figure 5.upon the novel machine. This employs all five 0f the cross-footingtotalizers A, B, C, D and E, as well as fourteen totalizers in which themaster-member 46 adds vertically; and each vertical totalizer may havenine dials. The disposition of the vertical totalizers must agree withthe location of the respective amount columns on worksheet I92. Proof ofaccuracy is secured in connection with cross-adding, and also inconnection with vertical addition. The totalizers I 0-23 show the totalsof amounts entered in the fourteen amount-columns on the form. Upon themain work-sheet I92, is placed an individual in vestment ledger-cardI93, which is posted simultaneously witi a portion of the work done uponthe main sheet I 92.

First. As the first operation in each line of typing, the old balanceofthe particular investment ledger-card that is affected, is typed inthe Old balance column at the left-hand edge of the work-sheet I92. Thisamount is duly added, for cross-footing, in cross-adder A. Thecrossfooting operations are indicated by letters and signs under thebottom of the sheet I92.

This

amount is also vertically accumulated in totalizer tioned Par value, butit does not enter into any computation.

Fourth. Debits or credits, depending upon the transaction involved, areentered in either one or the other of the next two columns, the firstheaded Debit, and the second Credit. debits and'credits are entered incross-footing totalizers A, B and E. At the same time correspondingentries are made in vertical totalizers II and I2. It may be observedthat after all cross-footing is completed for each line of writing, therespective amounts remain accumulated in the vertical totalizers, eachof which may hence constantly show the total of the entries in its owncolumn. The last line at bottom of Figure 6 indicates accumulations inthe vertical totalizers.

Fifth. The new balance of the individual investment ledger-card I93 isindicated by crossfooter A, and .when this amount is copied therefromcorrectly in the New balance column, said cross-footer A is cleared, anda star or sign is printed by means of key I34, proving correctnesscontrol is then ascertained and typed in the column marked Old balanceunder the caption "Investment control," and is run into the crossaddersB and E. It is also accumulated in ver tical totalizer I4.

Seventh. At this point, the cross-totalizer B indicates the new balanceof the Investment control, and this is typed in the next column, andthereby cross-footer B is cleared, and a. proofsign is printed. This newbalance is simultaneously entered as a subtraction in cross-totalizer D.It is also accumulated in vertical totalizer I5.

Eighth. Either a credit or a debit affecting the Corpus may be enteredin one column, which is captioned Cr. or Dr. The credit or debit isentered at each line of typing in cross-footer C, and also incross-footer E; the debit being added, or the credit being subtracted.At the same time each debit is added or each credit is subtracted invertical totalizer I5.

Ninth. The old balance under Corpus is.

typed in theld balance column, and subtracted out of cross-totalizers Cand E. It is also accumulated in vertical totalizer I1.

Tenth. The new balance is then copied in the indicated column underCorpus, this amount being copied from cross-footer C, which therebybecomes cleared, permitting a proof-sign to be printed. Theamount of thenew balance is simultaneously added in cross-footer D, and isaccumulated in vertical totalizer I8.

Eleventh. As a result of the seventh and tenth operations, the balanceof the principal cash has been mechanically computed, and is exhibitedin cross-footer D. The amount is copied from D .into the column headedPrincipal cash, and at Both the amount of income may be entered in thecolumn Cr. or Dr. under the caption Income. This amount will be run intototalizer E, being either added or subtracted as required. It is alsoadded or subtracted in vertical totalizer Fourteenth. The old balancemay be then typed in the next column, and added in totalizer E, whichwill then show the new balance. At the same time this amount isaccumulated in vertical totalizer 22. Fifteenth. The same old balancemay then be subtracted from totalizer E by copying it into the Oldbalance column, whereupon the. proof-sign may be printed. This amount isalso accumulated in vertical totalizer 23.

The foregoing operations take place at the typing of every line.

Thus in typing each line, it will be seen that in A the new balance ofthe individual investment ledger-card is cross-footed. In B the newbalance of the investment control is computed. In C the new balance ofthe corpus is added to the new balance in income cash. The balance ofthe principal cash is computed in D. The crossfooter E insuresmechanical proof of accuracy of computation in each line.

It has been seen that in every line the amouns are duly entered by themaster wheel or other master member 46 in the appropriate verticaltotalizers, of which one is assigned for each column in which there isto be vertical accumulation. When the work seen at Figure v6 is beingperformed upon the machine seen on a smaller scale at Figure 5, thetotalizers It to 23 must be located in the same zones as theirrespective columns which appear upon the work-sheet I92.

At the conclusion of the typing and crossfocfing, as aforesaid, of theitems upon a page, the cross-totalizers A to E will'all show zero; butthe totalizers II! to 23 will each show the footing of its assignedcolumn. These vertical footings may be used in accomplishing a varietyof purposes. One purpose, for illustration, may be in the nature ofproving accuracy. The operator is moreover enabled to copy the verticaltotals at the ends of the columns. These vertical totals may be used invarious ways, in connection with the method of accounting prevailing inany establishment. I

There are numbered in the bottom line at Figure 6 the primarytotalizers, in which all of the amounts entered in their respectivecolumns are added vertically.

Primary totalizer I0, therefore, shows the total of the old balancesappearing in the first column. Primary totalizer I I shows the total ofthe corresponding debits, and to alizer I2 shows a total of thecorresponding credits; while totalizer I3 shows the total of all thecorresponding new balances in the columns in which these numbers appearin said last line on Figure 6.

- The operator now copies upon the work-sheet ihe total of old balancesthat is shown by totalizer I0, subtracting it from said totalizer, andat the same time adds it in cross-totalizer A.

The operator then copies at the bottom of the next debit column, thetotal which appears in totalizer II, subtracting it from the latter, andat the same time adds said amount in totalizer A. Incidentally, the same'amount is also stored in each of cross-totalizers B and E, for purposeswhich will be later explained in connection with subsequentcomputations.

Primary totalizer I2 shows the total of the adjacent Credit column, andthis total is copied at the foot of said column, and at the same time issubtracted out of i2, and also subtracted out of totalizer A. For futureuse, it is also incidentally subtracted out of each of totalizers B andE, and this will presently be explained. Cross-totalizer A now shouldexhibit the same amount as is exhibited in vertical totalizer [3. Thisamount may then be copied at the foot of the first New balance column,thus clearing totalizers l3 and A, and enabling the proof-sign to beprinted.

The next two totalizers H and I have been used respectively forvertically adding the old balances and the new balances under thecaption Investment control, so that it will be understood that M showsthe total of the old balances, and I5 shows the total of the newbalances. Fromtotalizer H the total is copied at the foot of the "Oldbalance column, and atthe same time it is subtracted out of i4 and alsoadded into cross-totalizer B. At the same time it is incidentally addedinto cross-totalizer E, to take part in a subsequent operation.

The total of the new balances under Investment control is seen intotalizer l5, and this total should agree with the total that is nowseen in cross totalizer B. This total may now be typed at the foot ofthis New balance" column, and at the same time subtracted out oftotalizers l5 and B, clearing both of them, and permitting the printingof the accuracy or proof sign.

Proceeding now to the three columns grouped under the heading Corpus,the vertical totals of which appear in totalizersv l6, l1 and i8,respectively, the operator may proceed to copy at the foot of the firstcolumn the total from l6, at the same time subtracting it out oftotalizer l8 and adding it in totalizer C. It is also at this timeincidentally added in totalizer E for future use. The operator thencopies the total appearing in I! at the bottom of this Old balancecolumn, and at the same time subtracts the amount out of II and out ofC, and also out of E. The amount, which is-thus made to appear intotalizer 0, should equal the total which appears in 18. This "amountmay then be typed at the bottom of this New balance? column, and at thesame time subtracted out of i8 and C,- permitting the proof-sign to beprinted.

The next totalizer l9 shows the total of all the items of Principalcash. This total is now to be copied upon the work-sheet, and subtractedfrom l9. It is also subtracted from cross-totalizer D, thereby clearingthe same. It will be recalled that the total copied from verticaltotalizer l5 has been subtracted from D, while the total shown bytotalizer I 8 has been added to D, thereby computing the difierencebetween the totals of these two New balance columns. This differenceshould equal the total of the Principal cash column; and said total canbe subtracted out of i9 and also out of D, bringing the latter to zero,and permitting the proof-sign to be printed.

Primary. totalizer 20 shows the total of the items which are entered inthe column captioned Proof,f which proof items have been made up bycross-footing in each line the items appearing in several previouscolumns, as above explained. The total of this Proof column shouldappear in totalizer 20 equal .to the total in the Principal cashcolumn,which it will be recalled was obtained by other methods. The total ofthe items in the Proof column may be copied at the bottom of the column,and at the same time subtracted from 20 and from crosstotalizerE,.permitting the printing of the proofsign.

The footings of the last three columns on the work-sheet are shown intotalizers 2|, 2Z and 23, respectively.

The footing is copied and subtracted from totalizer 2i, and at the sametime it may be entered in any cross-footing totalizer, as for example E.

The footing is then copied from 22 onto the work-sheet, and also enteredinto the same totalizer E, which should then show the same total that isshown by totalizer 23, from which it may be subtracted, and at the sametime subtracting it from E, and bringing the latter to zero, thuspermitting the printing of the proofsign.

It may be observed, in review, that if any error in anyway creeps intothe computing in the various columns, such error is bound to result in adiscrepancy showing between the subsidiary registers D and E. This isbecause (at the operation of entering the footings and proving thecomputations), items are entered into D from three columns, while itemsare entered into E from six other columns.

The invention is obviously not limited to any one of the usual ways inwhich shifting of any totalizer to subtraction is performed.

From this description of the operation at Figure 6, it will be perceivedthat one of the aims of the invention when used for some classes ofwork. is in the direction of preventing an undetected error from beingmade in any computation on the completed work-sheet, whether such errorarises from mistakes of the operator or from faulty operation of thecomputing mechanism.

It will be understood that the machine is hybrid because it embodies amaster-wheel mechanism which effects complete computation at theoperation of the type-key, and also embodies an incongruous element inthe form of deferred-operation computing mechanism, in which indexingdevices are set at the key-operations, but computation is not controlledthereby simultaneously with the master-wheel computation but isdeferred. The mere setting of .an index-device at the key-operation, isincongruous with effecting a complete computation simultaneously by thesame key. The incongruous elements are coordinated digitally by means ofthe hybrid Siamese trains and denominationally by means of the hybridcarriage, which presents the denominational gear-trains one by one tothe masterwheel for complete computation, while coordinating with thatoperation the denominational selection of deferred-operation indexingdevices. Hence at the depression of a key not only is a completecomputation effected but an indexdevice is also coordinately set up fordeferred computation of the same number.

It will thus be seen that by the novel combined typewriting and hybridaccounting machine, there may be eflected at the typing operation (1) acomplete computation by means of the master-wheel, or (2) an amount maybe indexed for deferred computation thereof, or (3). an amount may becompletely computed and incongruously the same amount may besimultaneously indexed, for the purpose of effecting deferredcomputation thereof; that the machine has a. hybrid carriage in bat itpresents the master-wheel to the totalizer-s successively, and to thedial-wheels in each totalizer denominationally or seriatim, for completecomputation, and also coordinatively therewith automatically makesselection of any number of cross-registers up to five or more, and alsocontrols the denominational presentation of index-pins to digitsettingdevices for the incongruous operation of the selected register-indexingmechanisms by the keys; that the machine has as a main element amaster-wheel mechanism, Siamese trains that extend from the keys,whereby master-wheel computation is' completed directly at thekey-operation; that vertical totalizers may be shifted or moved into andout of position for operation seriatim by the masterwheel that themachine also includes as the element that is incongruous with saidmaster-wheel mechanism, a group of deferred-operation crossaddingregisters, the same being incongruous because they are merely indexed atthe key-operations, while the master-wheel effects a completecomputation, one digit at a time; and being further incongruous becausethe entire amount (of many digits) is run at one operation into thecross-adding registers, while the dials of the vertical totalizersremain stationary; that the direct-operation master-wheel mechanism issupplemented by the deferred-operation cross-adding register-mechanism,being coordinated therewith (1) digitally by the Siamese trains and (2)denominationally by the hybrid carriage, which automatically selectsdifferent groupings of registers to combine with different individualcolumn-totalizers;' that settable means are provided for bringing anycross-adding register automatically into indexable control by theSiamese trains and hybrid carriage; that any cross-adding register maybe operated independently of the others, and may also be operatedindependently of the vertical totalizers; and that the indexing iseffected selectively by the co-operation of the hybrid Siamese trainsand hybrid carriage for the deferred-operation registers, eitherindependently of the vertical totalizers or during the direct completecomputation of an amount by said trains and carriage in any selectedvertical totalizer.

I am aware of the well-known standard Underwood bookkeeping machinewhich is shown for example in the Hart Patent 1,382,286. In this classof machine, there are key-operated trains, which operate indexingdevices for all totalizers at once. The trains have to be light, inorder to operate easily, and they are therefore weak, so thatany attemptto increase the number of totalizers beyond those shown in the Hartpatent would result in these key-trains being found to be too weak andto fail to operate accurately. The experience of a score of years ofmanufacture has established seven as being the limit of totalizers thatcan be successfully controlled by the keytrains of said Underwoodbookkeeping machine, since each key-train must be long enough to spreadacross all seven of the totalizer-mechanisms. However, in the face ofthis limitation, it has been sought to increase the capacity of theUnderwood machine by splitting each totalizer into two separatetotalizers, without increasing the dimensions of the machine, andwithout 2.1--

tering the key-mechanism. Each split totalizer, however, has only halfof the original capacity. Upon the advent of the present invention, theproduction of split totalizers'was abandoned.

The Underwood class of machine illustrated in the Hart patent cannotsatisfy the demand for a controlled by the machine having a great numberof totalizers. Still less can it meet the demand for a machine eithercapable .of numberless combinations of numerous selective groups ofvertical totalizers with a large number of cross-adders, one for each ofsaid vertical groups, or even capable of combining a few cross-adderswith a great number of vertical totalizers, or of co-operativelyassociating either a large number or a moderate number of verticaltotalizers with a large number of cross-adders. The Underwoodseventotalizer machine is physically limited to double cross-addition,with the necessary vertical addition of the same amounts.

The seven-register Underwood machine is of course wholly incapable ofthe requisite performance. While every register in a seven-registermachine is inherently capable of cross-adding, still it is a practicalconsideration that where all (or all but one) of the seven must bedevoted to vertical addition, the machine becomes hopelessly crippledfor simultaneously cross-adding in four places. The problem faced andheretofore unsolved by experts was just this, that to use the registersfor vertical addition led to crippling the machine for the performanceof the desired double and triple cross-adding simultaneously with thevertical addition.

, I am aware of the KBurg Patent 1,370,022, of March 1, 1921, showing astandard Underwood bookkeeping machine adapted for a centralized systemof bookkeeping, which brings together on one work-sheet the accounts ofseveral different insurance companies; but no cross-adding is sought tobe performed.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, andportions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A combined typewriter and computing machine comprising a set ofnumeral type bars, a single set of numeral keys associated with saidtype bars, a plurality of key-operated vertical totalizers of themaster-wheel actuated type, a plurality of cross totalizers of the indexpin type, means for selectively associating any of said keyoperatedvertical totalizers with any of said cross totalizers, and meanscontrolled by any selected numeral key for operating its associated typebar and running up the numeral in any selected vertical totalizer andsimultaneously setting the indexing mechanism of any selected crosstotalizer.

2. A combined typewriter and computing machine comprising a set of ninedigit type keys, a key-operable master wheel, a plurality of verticaltotalizers operable by the master wheel, a plurality of cross totalizershaving key-settable index-pin mechanism, carriage mechanism forselectively associating any of said key-operated vertical totalizerswith the master wheel and concomitantly selecting any one or more ofsaid cross totalizers for indexing, and devices enabling every key tocontrol digitally both the master wheel and the index-pin mechanism.

3. In a computing machine, complete columnadding main mechanism of themaster-wheel class, a cross-adding mechanism of the index-pin class, asingle set of numeral keys, and means operatively connecting each ofsaid keys with the column-adding mechanism and with the crossaddingmechanism, whereby upon the depression .of any key, said index-pindevices are set simultaneously with the column-adding operation of saidmain mechanism.

4. In an accounting machine, a carriage, a single set of numeral keyscontrolling said carriage, a plurality of vertical totalizers of themaster-wheel-actuated type, means operatively connecting each of saidkeys to the master wheel, whereby the latter is operated during only aprimary portion of the down-stroke of a selected key, a plurality ofcross totalizers of the index-pin type, means operatively connected toeach of said keys for setting the index pins of said cross totalizersduring only the last portion of the down-stroke of said selected key,while said master wheel remains stationary, type bars operable by saidkeys throughout their strokes, and each effective to print at theconclusion of said index-pin setting operation, and means for cyclingsaid cross totalizers.

5. In an accounting machine, a letter-feeding carriage, a single set often digit-type-operating keys, a plurality of vertical totalizers of themaster-wheel-actuated type for various zones on a worksheet, a pluralityof cross registers, indexing mechanisms therefor, means connected tosaid keys for operating the master wheel of said vertical totalizersduring the typing operation, a second means connected to said keys foroperating the indexing mechanisms of said cross registers andcoordinating the same with said vertical totalizers, adjustableselecting means on said carriage to enable any one or more of said crossregister indexing mechanisms to be brought selectively into use andindexed, whereby cross-footing may be performed line by line in thecross registers of the amounts already entered seriatim in the verticaltotalizers, and separate means for cycling said cross registers underthe control of said indexing'mechanisms while the keys remainstationary.

6. In an accounting machine, a plurality of column totalizers, aplurality of systems of settable index pins, a single set of tendigit-type keys, nine digit-trains driven by said keys and includingmeans to set said pins, a carriage controlled by said keys, means onsaid carriage for automatically coordinating various groupings .01systems of index pins with each successive column totalizer, means tocooperate with said carriage and said digit-trains to set selectivelyindex pins of corresponding denominations in said systems, a masterwheel also operated by any of said digit trains coordinatively with thesetting of index pins by that train, each column totalizer havingdenominational wheels cooperative seriatim with said master wheel, meanson the carriage to present selectively to the master wheel a totalizerkheel of a denomination automatically coordinated to the selected indexpins by said carriage, a plurality of cross registers associated withsaid systems of index pins, and means for cycling said registersaccording to the settings of said index pins.

O'I'IO THIEME.

